The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is relic radiation from the early universe, released when matter and radiation decoupled. It provides a snapshot of the universe approximately 380,000 years after the Big Bang. The CMB is remarkably uniform, with tiny temperature fluctuations encoding information about early density variations. These fluctuations reveal the seeds of galaxy formation. CMB measurements provide precise values of cosmological parameters. The CMB also offers strong evidence for inflation and cosmic expansion. Its study has revolutionized cosmology by transforming it into a precision science. The CMB remains one of the most important observational pillars of modern cosmology.
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Vladimir Chigrinov, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
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Alexander Unzicker, Pestalozzi Gymnasium Munchen, Germany
Title : Global photochemical model CHARM-DE of the earth’s atmosphere for altitudes 0-130 km
Alexei Krivolutsky, Central Aerological Observatory (CAO), Russian Federation
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Amir Sohail, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
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Yarub Al Douri, European Academy of Sciences, Belgium
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Thomas J Webster, Brown University, United States