Fluid–Structure Interaction

Fluid–Structure Interaction (FSI) studies the mutual interaction between fluid flow and solid structures. In these systems, fluid forces cause structural deformation, while structural motion alters the fluid flow. FSI is essential for understanding complex phenomena in engineering and natural systems, including aeroelasticity of aircraft wings, vibration of bridges under wind loads, blood flow in arteries, and offshore structures interacting with ocean waves. The field combines fluid mechanics, solid mechanics, and computational modeling. Due to its nonlinear and coupled nature, FSI problems often require advanced numerical techniques and high-performance computing. Accurate FSI analysis is crucial for predicting stability, fatigue, and failure in engineering designs. By capturing the coupled behavior of fluids and structures, FSI plays a vital role in improving safety, performance, and efficiency across aerospace, biomedical, civil, and mechanical engineering applications.