Quantum Phase Transitions occur at absolute zero temperature when a change in a control parameter alters the ground state of a quantum system. Unlike classical phase transitions driven by thermal fluctuations, quantum phase transitions are driven by quantum fluctuations. They play a crucial role in condensed matter physics and quantum materials. Examples include transitions in superconductors, magnets, and ultracold atomic systems. Quantum phase transitions reveal new states of matter and exotic quantum phases. Studying these transitions helps understand strongly correlated systems and emergent phenomena. They are essential for advancing quantum materials research and developing future quantum technologies.
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