Standard Model

The Standard Model of particle physics is the theoretical framework that describes the fundamental particles of nature and their interactions, excluding gravity. It classifies all known elementary particles into fermions (quarks and leptons) and bosons (force carriers). The electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions are mediated by gauge bosons within this model. The Standard Model has been remarkably successful in explaining experimental results, including particle interactions observed in high-energy accelerators. It accurately predicts properties such as particle masses, decay rates, and interaction strengths. The discovery of the Higgs boson confirmed a key missing component of the model. Despite its success, the Standard Model has limitations, such as its inability to explain dark matter, gravity, and neutrino masses naturally. Nonetheless, it remains one of the most precise and experimentally verified theories in modern physics.